Any permanent post in places like home page, navigation menu, top of category/archive, and sidebar/widget are crawled and indexed faster by search engines than others. Therefore, it all depends on whether the links contained in the pages are valuable or not. The rule of SEO is that you should never link to a site that you do not trust.
Therefore, there is absolutely no negative SEO effect of sticky posts if the post is of high quality and you are linking to relevant quality pages.